Pharmacology In Drug Discovery And Development ... [better] -

Classical PK/PD was built for small molecules (aspirin, atorvastatin). It struggles with large molecules (monoclonal antibodies, mRNA vaccines, AAV gene therapy). For biologics, distribution is slow (lymphatic system, not blood), metabolism is proteolytic (not hepatic), and immunogenicity (anti-drug antibodies) creates "reverse PD." New models of are required.

What the body does to the drug—absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion (ADME). Pharmacology in Drug Discovery and Development ...

The classical PK/PD framework is being supercharged by new technologies and scientific insights. Classical PK/PD was built for small molecules (aspirin,

Without pharmacology, drug discovery is a blind shot in the dark. With it, it becomes a rational, evidence-based engineering problem. This article dissects the dual pillars of pharmacology— and Pharmacokinetics (PK) —and traces their critical role through every phase of the drug development pipeline. AAV gene therapy). For biologics